Category Archives: CCNA

Unknown Ipv6 and IPv4 multicast floods blocking in Mikrotik

I was troubleshooting an enterprise network for slowness the speed. So when I went through the troubleshooting steps I found that there is an IPv6 and IPv4 unknown unicast flooding that occurs in the Lan interface. it’s a medium enterprise where they have almost 400 end hosts including telephone and IP cameras as well. find the picture given… Read More »

Bandwidth Limiting / Shaping on Cisco Switch or Router Port.

When Internet Service Providers (ISP) gives a new internet link , very often they have shaping rules on their router to regulate internet traffic at promised rate. If your firewall/router/switch is sending more excessive traffic than promised rate, the packet will be dropped by ISP router, then ends up with suboptimal performance and slow internet speed. in this… Read More »

IPv6 SUbnetting.

In IPv4, the subnet mask 255.255.255.0 is 32 bits and consists of four 8-bit octets. The address: 10.10.10.0 subnet mask 255.255.255.0 means that the subnet is a range of IP addresses from 10.10.10.0 – 10.10.10.255. The prefix-length in IPv6 is the equivalent of the subnet mask in IPv4. However, rather than being expressed in four octets like it is in IPv4, it is expressed as… Read More »

How to Shorten IPv6 Addresses.

An IPv6 address consists of 32 hexadecimal digits, in 8 sections of 4 digits each, separated by colons. It looks something like this: 1234:5678:90ab:cdef:1234:5678:90ab:cdef IPv6 addresses have several shortcuts that allow them to be compressed into smaller strings following certain rules. If there are any leading zeroes in a section, they may be left off. 0001:0001:0001:0001:0001:0001:0001:0001 could be written as 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1. Any… Read More »

Default Route blocking for advertisements to downstream peers in BGP #Huawei

I want to allow all other routes but not the default routes to my downstream BGP peers. Step-1= Create the Prefix list. ip ip-prefix NO-DEFAULT-ROUTE index 10 deny 0.0.0.0 0ip ip-prefix NO-DEFAULT-ROUTE index 20 permit 0.0.0.0 0 less-equal 32 Step-2=Route-Policy Creation route-policy NO-DEFAULT-ROUTE permit node 10if-match ip-prefix NO-DEFAULT-ROUTE Step-3= Apply on Peers. bgp <ASN>peer <ip> as-number <ASN>peer <ip>… Read More »

Day-34: Voice VLAN.

A voice VLAN is a VLAN ( virtual local area network) that is specifically allocated for the user’s voice data as we all know the VoIP traffic is very sensitive and VOIP traffic can deal with the delay, Bandwidth congestion, etc. The reason we need Voice VLAN is to prioritize that traffic after separating them. Once you will… Read More »